Category: Indian economy
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The Developing-Country Convergence Crisis
For much of the modern development story, there was one powerful assumption: poorer countries would eventually become richer. They would industrialise, export, attract investment, acquire technology, improve productivity and gradually close the income gap with advanced economies. Globalisation was expected to make this process faster. That assumption is becoming much…
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The Conditional Market: When Being Competitive Is No Longer Enough
A factory can make a good product, offer a fair price and find an interested buyer—and still struggle to secure the order. Its shipment may fall outside a favourable tariff quota. Its inputs may fail an origin requirement. Its production may depend on restricted technology. Its delivery system may be…
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When Every Rooftop Becomes a Power Station
For more than a century, electricity has moved in one direction. A large power station produces it, a transmission network carries it, a distribution company supplies it, and the consumer pays the bill. The household stands at the final end of the system. It consumes electricity but has little influence…
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India’s Renewable Revolution Has Reached the Grid — But Is the Grid Ready?
The real energy transition begins after installationFor many years, India measured its renewable-energy success through installed capacity. Every new solar park, wind farm and rooftop system added another impressive number to the national target. Installed capacity was politically visible, easy to announce and useful for attracting investment. But electricity systems…
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When Distribution Becomes the Real Factory: The New Battle for India’s Electrical Market
From Fragmented Manufacturing to Conglomerate Expansion For a long time, India’s wires, cables and electrical-equipment industry grew through thousands of manufacturers, regional brands, traders, electricians and specialised suppliers. Many businesses began as modest family enterprises serving a city, an industrial cluster or a particular category of customer. Their competitive strength…
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The Fertilizer Vulnerability: When a Gas Shock Becomes a Food Crisis
The Hidden Energy System Beneath Every Farm Agriculture still looks natural from a distance. There is soil, rain, sunlight, seed and human labour. But modern farming is also an industrial system built on natural gas, mined minerals, global shipping, credit and government subsidy. A farmer may sow wheat in India,…
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A World That Distrusts the Dollar but Still Needs It
The world is searching for an alternative to the US dollar. Governments worry that excessive dollar dependence exposes them to American interest rates, financial sanctions, asset freezes and political pressure. Central banks are buying more gold. Countries are settling some bilateral trade in local currencies. New payment systems are being…
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When Everyone Needs the Facility but No One Builds It
The Infrastructure That Exists in Everyone’s Interest—and No One’s Budget One of the deepest weaknesses of industrial development is created not by a shortage of entrepreneurs, markets or technology, but by an uncomfortable economic contradiction. A group of businesses may urgently need a testing laboratory, research centre, common effluent treatment…
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